Objective: This research aimed to verify the differences between patients with Binge Eating Disorder (BED) treated with Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) alone and those treated with CBT in combination with medication. Method: A selection of 30 subjects affected by BED was carried out on the basis of experimental outcomes that evidenced the efficacy of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) and Serotonin-Noradrenaline Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs) in the treatment of obesity associated with BED. Some participants underwent CBT alone while the others, in addition to CBT, were treated with bio-equivalent doses of either Paroxetine or Venlafaxine. Binge eating behaviour, impulse regulation, different features of eating behaviour (restrained eating, uncontrolled eating and emotional eating) and different psychotic conditions (Psychopathic Deviate, Depression and Hypomania) were studied during pre- and post-treatment phases. Both the psychological (CBT) and the pharmacological (CBT + SSRIs/SNRIs) therapies were assessed in keeping with the parameters examined. Results: The data showed that CBT alone seems to favour a greater reduction in depression and hypomania as well as the subject’s ability to control eating behaviour; whereas pharmacological treatment appears to control primarily the impulsiveness of food intake.

Abstract: Background: Uterine bleeding is a normal physiological phenomenon and its occurrence in women varies considerably. The present study assessed the etiological pattern of patient coming to OBGY Department of tertiary level hospital with abnormal uterine bleeding by using PALM- COEIN classification of FIGO.

Materials & Methods: 170 patients aged 38 years to 50 years who visited OPD of Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology at SAIMS Hospital & Research Centre, Indore (M.P) with chief complain of abnormal uterine bleeding were selected. Detailed menstrual history, obstetrics history, clinical examination and lab investigations of the patient were done as per the protocol. Pre designed, pre tested, pre structured proforma was used for collecting the data. The data obtained from history and biochemical blood investigations was also directly transcribed from the reports.

Results: The higher proportion 60.6% was for Barrier contraception and the lower proportion 12.4% was for IUCD contraception respectively. The higher proportion 54.7% was for Chronic Cervicitis and the lower proportion 30.6% was for Leiomyoma respectively. There was significant association between Pads Used Per Day and Symptoms (P<0.05). In Bleeding Symptoms, the highest proportion 49.0% was for 4 pads used and lowest value5.2% was for 2 pads used. Whereas In Other Symptoms, the highest proportion 44.6% was for 3 pads used and lowest value 12.2% was for 5 pads used. There was significant association between Duration of Bleeding and Symptoms (P<0.05). In Bleeding Symptoms, the highest proportion 47.9% was for >=16 days and lowest value 10.4%was for 5 days & 6-10 days. Whereas In Other Symptoms, the highest proportion 62.2% was for 5 days and lowest value6.8% was for 11-15 days.

Conclusion: There is a broad spectrum in variations of endometrium from normal to malignancy in AUB patients. Further, our study strongly suggests that premenopausal and menopausal women with AUB are threaded to malignancy and biopsy of the endometrium is unavoidable in the patients of above 41 years age group suffering with AUB. However, more studies on larger number of population are required to make a general guideline for AUB patients in a day to day gynaecology practice.

Background: Deliberate  self-harm  (DSH)  registers  are  the  first  step  towards  understanding  self-harm  in  developing  countries. Aims: To determine the feasibility of a DSH register in a state hospital in India. Methods: For each individual presenting with DSH between February and July 2012, data was collected by interview and from records. Time taken for complete data entry was recorded. The proportion of DSH patients correctly identified and traced after admission was recorded, indicating ‘representativeness’, the proportion for whom a full data set was captured was recorded, indicating ‘completeness’, and the proportion willing to be included in the register and followed up was recorded, indicating ‘acceptability’. Results: 1072 presented with deliberate self-harm. All inpatient survivors (817) were traced and none objected to their details being entered on the register. Of 1023 on the register, complete data was available for 740 (72.3%). Data was incomplete for 283 (27.7%). All 1023 had performed an act of self-harm necessitating medical intervention. The time between identification and completion of data entry ranged from 30 minutes to 2 hours. Conclusions: It is feasible to establish an accurate, reliable and complete DSH register in a large Indian state hospital.The clinical and service implications are discussed.

Abstract: Aim: This study aimed to evaluate changes in gut microbiota composition and their impact on metabolic physiology in obese patients undergoing a structured dietary intervention program.

Materials &Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted with 100 obese adults (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m², aged 25–55 years). Participants followed a 12-week structured dietary intervention divided into three phases: caloric restriction (Weeks 1–4), macronutrient-balanced diet (Weeks 5–8), and maintenance (Weeks 9–12). Anthropometric measurements, blood samples (fasting glucose, HbA1c, insulin, lipid profile, CRP), and stool samples for gut microbiota analysis were collected at baseline (Week 0), Week 6, and Week 12. Microbiota composition was analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and metabolic parameters were evaluated using standard clinical assays. Correlation analysis was performed to assess the association between gut microbiota changes and metabolic markers.

Results: Significant improvements were observed in weight (95.5 kg to 87.0 kg, p<0.001), BMI (35.6 kg/m² to 32.1 kg/m², p<0.001), waist circumference (102.3 cm to 94.1 cm, p<0.001), fasting glucose (110 mg/dL to 97 mg/dL, p<0.001), and HOMA-IR (4.1 to 2.5, p<0.001). Microbiota diversity increased, with Shannon Index improving from 3.5 to 4.1 (p=0.002) and a favorable shift in the Firmicutes-to-Bacteroidetes ratio observed. Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium abundance increased significantly, while Proteobacteria levels decreased. Correlation analysis revealed strong associations between microbial shifts and metabolic improvements.

Conclusion: A structured dietary intervention significantly improved metabolic health and gut microbiota composition in obese individuals. Changes in gut microbiota, including increased microbial diversity and favorable taxonomic shifts, were strongly correlated with improvements in weight, glucose metabolism, and inflammatory markers. These findings emphasize the potential of microbiota-targeted dietary interventions in obesity management.

Background: The present study was conducted for assessing nerve lesions in proximal humeral fractures.

Materials & Methods: A total of 50 patients with proximal humeral fractures were evaluated. The radiographic assessment initially involved conventional radiography. In instances where pain persisted beyond three months, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was employed to exclude the possibility of rotator cuff tears. Follow-up period concluded either upon complete recovery or when there was no further improvement in nerve injury recovery or shoulder mobility, despite the absence of enhancement in muscle strength and shoulder function between two consecutive clinical evaluations, which occurred at intervals of six to eight weeks. All the results were recorded in Microsoft excel sheet and was subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS software.

Results: A total of 50 patients were evaluated. Mean age of the patients was 52.6 years. Among them, 70 percent were males while the remaining were females. Right side involvement occurred in 62 percent of the patients. Out of 50 patients, 72 percent of the patients were of displaced fracture. Nerve lesions were seen in 36 percent of the patients.

Conclusion: Proximal humerus fractures are common injuries. Restoration of function requires a thorough understanding of the neurovascular, musculo tendinous, and bony anatomy.