ABSTRACT:

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic, painful, and disabling disease that affects articular cartilage and ligaments, leading to subchondral sclerosis and osteophyte formation, which cause joint deformities. MMP-3 has potential ability to predict the disease on early stage Matrix metalloproteinase (MMPs), a group of ECM-degrading enzymes expressed in joint tissues, are believed to play a crucial role in joint destruction during OA. MMP3 (Stromelysins 1) has been thought to play an essential role in the degradation of the cartilage matrix

200 subject of age between 50 to 80 years, out of which 50 male and 50 female will be normal healthy controls and 50 male and 50 female, were be suffering from knee osteoarthritis patients as Case. Control will be taken from normal healthy male and female individual with equal ratio of same age group.

For the study cases will be newly diagnosed knee osteoarthritic with age group 50 year to 80 year old diagnosed with sign and symptom with radiography.  The mean MMP-3 level in the case group (knee osteoarthritis) was 930.6 ± 357.9, whereas in the control group, it was 370.5 ± 277.8. Authors concluded that MMP-3 is very reliable marker for diagnosis in developing knee osteoarthritic disease.

Keywords: Osteoarthritis, Matrix metalloproteinase, joint disease.

ABSTRACT:

Knee Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of osteoarthritis in India. With an aging population and rising obesity rates, OA presents significant economic, psychological, and social challenges. We enrolled  200 subject of age between 50 to 80 years, out of which 50 male and 50 female will be normal healthy controls and 50 male and 50 female, will be suffering from knee osteoarthritis patients as Case. Control will be taken from normal healthy male and female individual with equal ratio of same age group. For the study cases will be newly diagnosed knee osteoarthritic with age group 50 year to 80 year old.

Our study builds on existing literature by reinforcing the idea that CRTAC1 could serve as a significant biomarker for predicting knee osteoarthritis. Its increased levels in patient populations, open up new avenues for further research into its mechanisms and potential applications in clinical practice.

Overall, our findings emphasize the potential utility of CRTAC1  as a biomarker for predicting OA, particularly in identifying at-risk populations. Future research with larger sample size should further explore the mechanistic underpinnings and the implications of therapeutic interventions aimed at modulating these biomarker levels to ameliorate OA progression and improving patient outcomes in osteoarthritis.

Keywords: Cartilage Acidic Protein 1, CRTAC1, Osteoarthritis.

Abstract: Background: A tooth that is outside of the physiological time of eruption and has a fully developed root that is partially or totally covered by hard and/or soft tissues is known as an impacted tooth. The present study was conducted to assess pattern of mandibular third molar impaction.

Materials & Methods: 90 cases of mandibular third molar impaction of both genders were selected. Details including the impacted tooth's position, angulation, level, and impacted third molar's placement (left or right) were noted. Quek's modification of Winter's categorization was used to evaluate the angulation. The Pell and Gregory classification was used to determine the position and level of the impacted teeth.

Results: Out of 90 patients, 50 were males and 40 were females. Level/ depth of impaction was level A in 36%, level B in 61% and level C in 3%. Ramus relationship was class I in 32%, class II in 54% and class III in 14%. Type of impaction was vertical in 12%, horizontal in 21%, mesio- angular in 45%, disto- angular in 14% and transverse in 8% cases. The difference was significant (P< 0.05).

Conclusion: The most common type of impaction was mesio- angular and horizontal. The maximum cases of impaction were seen among males.

Abstract: Background: Oral cancer is a significant health concern worldwide, contributing to substantial morbidity and mortality. It predominantly affects regions such as Southeast Asia, with tobacco, alcohol use, and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection being major risk factors. Despite advancements in treatment modalities, including surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy, survival rates for advanced oral cancer remain low. This has necessitated a shift in focus towards understanding the underlying molecular and metabolic pathways that drive oral cancer progression. Metabolic reprogramming, particularly alterations in glutamine metabolism, has gained attention as a hallmark of cancer, offering new avenues for therapeutic intervention.

Oral cancer, a major contributor to global cancer-related mortality, is characterized by aberrant metabolic alterations that sustain tumor growth, survival, and metastasis. Glutamine metabolism plays a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of oral cancer, providing critical intermediates for energy production, biosynthesis, and redox homeostasis. This paper explores the role of glutamine in oral cancer metabolism, examines the molecular mechanisms by which cancer cells hijack glutamine metabolism, and discusses potential therapeutic strategies targeting glutamine metabolism in the treatment of oral cancer.