Background:  Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease, often accompanied by oxidative stress and lipid profile disturbances. Oxidative stress, resulting from an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant defenses, contributes to vascular dysfunction. Similarly, lipid abnormalities, such as elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and triglycerides, further exacerbate endothelial damage. This study aims to compare oxidative stress markers and lipid profile variations across different stages of Hypertension.

Objective:  To evaluate and compare oxidative stress biomarkers and lipid profiles with hypertension severity. 

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 330 hypertensive patients who were divided into 3 groups based on reference blood pressure values as per the American Heart Association guidelines: Stage 1, Stage 2, and Hypertensive Crisis. Blood samples were analyzed for oxidative stress markers, including malondialdehyde (MDA) and oxidized LDL (Ox-LDL), as well as lipid profile components: total cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C, and triglycerides. Clinical data were also recorded.

Results:   The study revealed a significant, stage-wise increase in MDA and Ox-LDL levels (p < 0.01). In parallel, worsening lipid profile parameters were observed with increasing hypertension severity, including elevated total cholesterol, LDL-C, and triglycerides, and reduced HDL-C levels (p < 0.01).

Conclusion: Progressive hypertension is associated with increased oxidative stress and deteriorating lipid profiles. These biochemical changes may serve as early indicators of cardiovascular risk and support the role of antioxidant and lipid-lowering therapies in hypertensive management.