Osteoporosis, a disorder of bone metabolism, is a significant health concern for the aging population. Depression has been recognized as an unrecognized risk factor for low bone mineral density (BMD), which increases the risk of osteopenia, osteoporosis, and fractures, especially in the elderly. The use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) has been associated with reduced BMD and an elevated risk of fractures. This literature review examines the link between depression and osteoporosis, emphasizing the need for close monitoring and early intervention in at-risk individuals. Identifying modifiable risk factors, including depression, could help reduce the public health burden of osteoporosis and its complications.